Hyperparathyroidism
Our hyperparathyroidism specialists in New York are here for you. Our team of endocrine doctors near you are dedicated to supporting your success and ensuring that you regain your metabolic health and overall wellness.
What Is Hyperparathyroidism?
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition characterized by excessive production and secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands, which are located in the neck. These four small glands are located near the thyroid gland in the neck and play a crucial role in regulating calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D levels in the blood and bone. The increased PTH levels stimulate the release of calcium from bones, enhance calcium absorption in the intestines, and reduce phosphate reabsorption in the kidneys. This condition can lead to alterations in bone density and overall mineral balance, significantly impacting physiological processes.
What Are the Causes of Hyperparathyroidism?
The most common cause of hyperparathyroidism is a noncancerous (benign) tumor or enlargement of one or more of the parathyroid glands, known as a parathyroid adenoma. Less commonly, hyperparathyroidism can be caused by parathyroid gland hyperplasia (overgrowth of all four glands) or, rarely, parathyroid cancer.
Excessive PTH leads to an increase in blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia) and a decrease in bone density, putting the individual at risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism may include:
Kidney stones
Bone pain and fractures
Fatigue, muscle weakness, and depression
Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation
Neurological symptoms, such as confusion and memory problems
Hyperparathyroidism is diagnosed through blood tests measuring calcium and PTH levels. Imaging studies, such as parathyroid ultrasound or sestamibi scans, may be used to locate the underlying parathyroid abnormality.
What Are the Treatments and Therapies for Hyperparathyroidism?
Treatment options include surgical removal of the affected parathyroid gland(s) or, in some cases, medical therapy to control calcium and PTH levels. The primary surgical treatment is parathyroidectomy, where one or more of the overactive parathyroid glands are removed. This is indicated for patients with significant symptoms, high calcium levels, or complications such as osteoporosis or kidney stones. The surgery can be performed as a minimally invasive procedure, often with the aid of intraoperative PTH monitoring to ensure the removal of all hyperactive tissue. Non-surgical management includes monitoring and medical therapy. Monitoring involves regular blood tests to track calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels, along with periodic bone density scans. Medications such as bisphosphonates or calcimimetics can be used to manage calcium levels and reduce PTH secretion. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation may be required to maintain bone health. Lifestyle modifications, including adequate hydration and avoiding excessive calcium intake, are also recommended.
How Can Well by Messer Help You with Hyperparathyroidism?
There are many cases in which hyperparathyroidism does not need to be treated with surgery. Our high parathyroid hormone levels specialists are trained to determine if a patient is a candidate for surgical removal of their parathyroid gland(s) and refer them to a surgeon if they meet criteria. If surgery is not necessary, it is important to prevent problems caused by hyperparathyroidism. In order to optimize bone health, we would recommend a diet with sufficient calcium content and adequate vitamin D intake. We would also review medications to ensure none could affect calcium levels in the blood. At Well by Messer, our doctors work closely with patients monitoring calcium levels, kidney function and parathyroid hormone levels.
Meet the Well by Messer (WBM) Team
Under the leadership of top endocrinologist in New York, Dr. Caroline Messer, our caring and talented team of board-certified endocrinologists, psychologists, nutritionists, and personal trainers will be dedicated to supporting your success and regaining your metabolic health at our metabolic centers in Manhattan.
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